Above is a diagram showing the commonly used directional terms and planes in veterinary medicine. DIRECTIONAL TERMS Dorsal structures (or positions) lie toward the back (dorsum) of the trunk or by extension, toward the corresponding surface of the head or tail. Ventral structures lie toward the belly (venter)...
HEAD INJURIES IN HORSES - Diagnosis and treatment

Head injuries can result in severe CNS (Central Nervous System) damage. An injury can be divided into: 1). Primary (contusion, lacerations, or hemorrhage causing acute damage); 2). Secondary (subsequent edema, reperfusion injury, and necrosis). Causes of head injury in horses include: 1. Direct trauma from a fall; 2. Blows...
By:
Vet_for_U
On 4:26 AM
Skeleton and classes of bones in animals

The term skeleton is applied to the framework of hard structures which supports and protects the soft tissues of animals. In the descriptive anatomy of the higher animals it is usually restricted to the bones and cartilages, although the ligaments which bind these together might well be included. In zoology...
By:
Doctor
On 4:31 AM
Hairs in animals - Structure/ parts/ types/ tactile hairs

In animals hairs cover nearly the entire body surface, except the 1) planum nasale, 2) anus, 3) vulvar lips and 4) limb pads. Hairs are cornified filiform structures that are formed by the skin. The hair is subdivided into 1) the shaft which projects beyond the surface of the skin,...
By:
Doctor
On 8:38 AM
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